Preparation
-
For complete details on performing a clean installation (on a drive that has no partitions) see Full installation of Windows 2000 Server, the differences between the two installations are extremely minor since the server in that exercise is installed with all defaults meaning that no true specialized server functions like DNS or DHCP are installed in that process.
-
This module will cover the two other possible installation approaches that can be done with Windows 2000 Professional: upgrading another version of Windows to Windows 2000 (specifically Windows 98), and setting up a system that already has Windows 98 installed on it to dual boot either Windows 98 or Windows 2000.
-
Use the Student CD-ROM to Ghost Windows 98 onto the system. Restart the PC and perform any additional driver installations or configurations that are necessary such that the system is fully functional and operational. At this point the procedures for upgrading or installing Windows 2000 to dual boot can begin.
Procedures - Upgrading Windows 98 to Windows 2000 Professional
-
Boot the system to the desktop in Windows 98. Make any adjustments you prefer. For the sake of this exercise perform the Show All Files procedure and Edit MSDOS.SYS to show the boot menu. Once this has been completed, insert the Windows 2000 Professional OEM installation CD-ROM. The AUTORUN.INF file will be detected by the system and launch a small setup preparation program. This will automatically detect that the version of Windows in older than the one on the CD-ROM and display a message box inviting you to install the newer version. You can tell that message box "No" and then observe the pre-install menu program that launched from the CD-ROM's AUTORUN.INF:
-
Click on the choice to "Install Windows 2000" which will start the graphical version of the Windows 2000 Setup.exe:
-
Click next and on the License agreement screen click the "agree" radio button and click next again. The next screen is a warning concerning the Windows 2000 Hardware Compatibility List. Before any installation of any member of the Windows 2000 operating system family is attempted, all hardware on the system starting with the motherboard should be verified at the Microsoft website's comprehensive Hardware Compatibility List site for Windows 2000 first. Most name brand generic components will be compatible but they must still be checked first. This is even more critical in the case of an in place upgrade than it is in a clean installation because the machine is in use already and contains user specific settings and much more importantly; their data files. Click next on this screen. The next screen invites you to provide software upgrade packs. These provide functionality for programs that were installed on Windows 98 so that they can function on Windows 2000 which has a different operating system core architecture. Many programs use a basic subset of low level OS kernel calls and can function on any WIN32 based product (either Win 9x or WINNT). However, many programs rely on specialized OS kernel functions that may be available in one family, the DOS/Win9x family for example, but not in the other, the WINNT family for example. All installed software should be checked at through the software vendor to be sure that if they need the upgrade pack that you can provide it at this point:
-
Click next on this screen. The next screen concerns the upgrade of the file system. The native file system of Windows 2000 is the NTFS5 file system. A superset of the NTFS4 file system introduced with Windows NT 4.0. It is not recommended to upgrade the file system during the upgrade in which the entire operating system is basically going to be changed out to the new one, that is there are almost no common files between Windows 98 and Windows 2000, so the entire operating system is going to be deleted and replaced by the new one while attempting to retain all settings and software installed on the machine. This is already a very daring procedure that Microsoft is attempting to pull off with this task, throwing in the conversion of the file system to one that cannot be read by any other operating system is the ultimate begging for disaster. Should the upgrade collapse in the middle, the file system could be left in a shambles: neither FAT32 nor NTFS. Even if it does fully and completely convert to NTFS, none of the existing boot diskettes or even Windows 98 installation CD-ROM will be able to read the partition now, meaning that whatever was on the drive will be very difficult to access and get back. Should the upgrade crash but the file system was left FAT32, at least a boot diskette and the Windows 98 installation can still read the drive. Leave it FAT32 and click next:
-
At this point the installation program will display any devices for which there are no drivers installed or their are problems under Windows 98. Ideally this should be all cleaned up prior to the installation of Windows 2000. The devices listed in this window are the same ones that are sticking out with 
symbols in Windows 98 Device Manager and this is exactly where the Windows 2000 installation is getting the information from. None of these devices have their drivers installed and they may or may not need drivers in order to work under Windows 2000. If any device listed pertains to the motherboard or the hard drive controllers, the drivers must be provided at this point. Setup will feed the files into the appropriate folders prior to reboot so that the text portion of setup that is to follow will be able to pick them up and properly function. At this point none of the devices is critical to the installation so click next:
-
The next screen is an upgrade report that should be printed if possible. If not then save it to a floppy diskette so that in the event of a disaster you can at least refer to this when the customer or Microsoft is yelling at you. Once saved or printed click next. This is the last preinstallation screen. Click next and the system will reboot to a Windows 2000 launch meaning that NTLDR and BOOT.INI and the DBR have already been modified. Allow the system to launch the text mode setup program and it will proceed with the main file copy and reboot into the graphical portion of setup. It will complete file copies and plug-n-play configuration and reboot again.
-
On this last reboot, if user profiles had not been enabled on the local Windows 98 system, then there basically are no user accounts. Windows 2000 is a network based operating system and is the client system for interacting with a server. It relies on user accounts entirely and will force a user logon even if the system is not actually on a network. (This can be bypassed, but the account still exists, it must still be given the user name and password and simply automatically logs into the system using these credentials). Since the WIndows 98 system did not have any true user accounts defined and the system must have an Admininstrator account the next reboot opens a window in which the password will be set for all local accounts. Set the password to "admin" and click OK:
-
The main log on window now appears. Logon as student using this password and check to see that your personal settings are still in effect. By the way, Windows 2000 has another setting that has no equivalent in Windows 98 in the Folder Options settings. Open the root of the C: drive and note what files are visible, then open Tools (they moved it also) > Folder Options > View > and uncheck Hide protected operating system file (recommended). When you uncheck this a warning message appears. Click OK to it and then apply the changes and close the Folder Options property sheet. Refresh the view of the root of the C: drive and note all files that now appear that were previously hidden from view.
Procedures - Installing Windows 2000 on top of Windows 98 to Dual Boot
-
All of the Microsoft operating systems are backwards compatible for dual boot capabilities. This simply means that installing Windows 98 on top of true DOS such as MS-DOS 6.22 the Windows 98 installation will detect the preceding generation OS and set itself up automatically to provide a dual booting capability. In Windows 98 the boot menu is not automatically presented at start up but the MSDOS.SYS file can be edited to display the boot menu.
Windows 2000 is no different. If installed on a system that already has DOS or even Windows 98 already installed on it, Windows 2000 will detect the installed OS and install itself automatically to accommodate a dual bootable system. Windows 2000 will also automatically present the dual boot menu afterwards.
-
In order to set up a dual booting system insert the Windows 2000 installation CD-ROM. The AUTORUN.INF will launch the offer to install Windows 2000. Say "No" and this screen appears:
-
Click on the choice to "Install Windows 2000" which will start the graphical version of the Windows 2000 Setup.exe. On this screen select "Install a new copy of Windows 2000 (Clean install)" then click next:
-
If Windows 2000 is going into its own partition this can be chosen during the text mode portion of setup that will be after the reboot. If it does go into its own partition that partition can be setup as NTFS with no problem. If it is going onto the C: drive with Windows 98 then it must NOT be converted to NTFS or the dual boot functionality will be destroyed since Windows 98 has no way to read NTFS and would therefore have no way to boot itself off of a partition that it cannot read. In that case leave the partition as FAT32. The installation is straight forward at this point and you will have to provide the setup routine with a user name and organization, the product key and drivers if necessary. For more details on the full installation steps especially in the text mode see Full installation of Windows 2000 Server. The setup programs are very similar, the main difference being that in the middle of the GUI second boot up the server allows for the elective choices of Windows components which are really server functions to be chosen during the installation whereas in Windows 2000 this screen does not appear and the default choices are installed automatically.
Working complete PC running Windows 98